Effect of Spirulina on Growth and Yield of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.

Author: Win Mar  & San Min 

Abstract:

             The present study explored the effect of Spirulina suspension on growth and yield of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. (Okra). Okra seeds were studied by using Spirulina suspension (1gL-1, 2gL-1, 3gL-1, 4gL-1 and 5gL-1) in pot experiment. Spirulina suspension (4gL-1) was more effective in the enhancement of plant height, leaf number, flower number, 50% flowering time, leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight of okra plant. The fruit yield of plant (4gL-1) was 64.29% greater than control. The results showed that the growth and yield of okra treated with Spirulina were significantly better than control.

Key words : Spirulina, biofertilizer, Abelmoschus esculentus, yield

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Antimicrobial Activities of Senna alata Roxb.

Author: Khin Hnin Yee  & Aye Aye Myat 

Abstract:

        A medicinal plant, Senna alata Roxb. belonging to Subfamily–Caesalpinoideae is commonly cultivated in Myanmar as an ornamental plant. It is known as Thinbaw-mezali in Myanmar. The sample plant was collected from Mawlamyine Township during the flowering and fruiting period. The test organisms of bacteria were isolated from soil and meat by serial dilution techniques. The pathogenic fungi were isolated from diseased parts of plants and all the microorganisms were sub-cultured to get the pure strains. These microorganisms are three strains (AAM 1, AAM 2 and AAM 3) of fungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, and Penicillium sp.), AAM 4 (Pseudomonas sp., gram negative strain of bacteria) and AAM 5 (Bacillus sp., gram positive strain of bateria). The water extracts of leaflets, flowers and barks from Senna alata Roxb. were prepared and the antimicrobial effects on five species of microorganisms were studied. It was observed that the water extracts of leaflets and flowers showed better results than the extract of barks.

Key words : Senna alata Roxb., straining methods, serial dilution technique, antimicrobial activities

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Studying the Substitution Carbon and Nitrogen Sources in Fermentation of Microorganisms Isolated from Turritell carinifera, Lamarck, 1822

Author: Khin Swe Mya* 

Abstract:

            In this study, Turritella carinifera was collected from Chaungtha, Ayeyawady Region and utilized to screen the antimicrobial activities of microorganisms. Isolation of microorganisms was done by dilution method. Five strains of microorganisms were isolated fromTurritella carinifera. Five isolated strains showed different antimicrobial activities against the test organisms. Among them KSM 3 was selected for further investigation. The strain KSM 3 showed antimicrobial activities against Salmonella tythimurium where KSM 3 had clear zone 32.0 mm. The best fermentation medium using carbon and nitrogen sources was selected for KSM 3. Then the best carbon and nitrogen sources were mixed to get a new combined medium by cross combination method. Again tests were undertaken to get the best amounts of the components of the fermentation media.

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Innervation Apparatus in Some Antagonistic Limb Muscles of Some Anurans

Author: Kyi Kyi Maw* 

Abstract:

         The present work was carried out to find out whether there would be differences in the type and occurrence of motor and sensory nerve endings in the selected antagonistic muscle pairs of deltoid (flexor) and anconeus (extensor) in the fore limb, and triceps femoris (extensor) and gracillis major (flexor) in the hind limb of the toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus  and the frog, Polypedates cruciger. Overall results indicated that neural patterns of the antagonistic muscle pairs were quite similar within themselves in both species and the neural patterns were more variable in the frog's upper hind limb muscles relative to those of the toad.

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Complete Decomposable Triple-Critical Graphs

Author: Thin Wai Wai Moe* 

Abstract:

          In this paper, we introduce the basic definitions, notations and examples of graphs. Then we discuss the concepts of vertex coloring of a graph, chromatic numbers, critical graphs, double-critical graphs and triple-critical graphs. The complete decomposable graphs and triple-critical graphs are studied by using the concept of complete decomposable graphs. Finally, we illustrate some examples for triple-critical graphs.

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Study on the Effects of Interactions on a Nuclear System

Author: Htar Win Htike* 

Abstract:

         In theoretical nuclear physics, it is essential to know the wave functions of our interesting nuclear systems. If we have known the wave functions, we can investigate several information on these nuclear systems. The purpose of our research is to determine the solutions of non-homogeneous boundary value problems with various sources by using Green's Function method.  In our research work, we studied the wave function of nucleon-nucleon scattering process which is the non-homogeneous boundary value problem.  We compared the two free (without interaction) radial Green's functions, one is solved by numerically with the help of difference method and another is solved by analytically with the use of residue theorem.  It was found that these two free radial functions are equivalent.  Therefore, we safely used numerically solved free radial Green's function in solving the Schrödinger radial equations with various potentials (with various source terms) which are repulsive square barrier, attractive square well, Yukawa and Gaussian potentials for this process.

Key words:  radial wave function, Green’s function, difference method.

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Photovoltage and Photocurrent Properties of ZnO/Si Thin Film before and after Plastic Packaging

Author: Khaing Khaing Min*

Abstract:

          Fine ZnO powder was formed using ball mill at 30 h. ZnO thin film was deposited onto naked p-Si (100) substrate by spin coating technique. It was treated in Oxygen and atmospheric annealing was followed to change the ZnO solution coating into oxide film. Photo voltage (Vph) and Photocurrent (Iph) of ZnO/Si cell were measured before and after packaging. Photo I-V characteristics (illuminated I-V) were investigated by monochromatic Na lamp. From the current and voltage characteristics under illumination condition, conversion efficiency (ηcon), fill factor (Ff), quantum yield (Y) and series resistance (Rs) were observed for the cell without plastic package.

Key words:  Fine ZnO powder, ZnO thin film, spin coating, ZnO/Si packaging

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Performance Studies on Preparation and Characterization of Modified Slurry (Powder) Detergent

Author: Yee Yee Lin

Abstract:

           In this research, the formulation of slurry detergent was modified with, chitosan and determine the physicochemical properties of modified slurry detergent by using conventional methods. Chitosan poly-2-deoxly-D-glucosamine, is a product of deacetamide products. It is a poly-dielectric ion, soluble in acid solutions. Chitosan is the N-deacetylated derivative of chitin. The chitin is found in the shell of animals like shrimps, crabs, squidpon, silk worams and the cell walls of fungi. The physicochemical properties of modified slurry detergent were, the viscosity (135s), pH (10) and the water content (35.2%). It possessed higher stability of foam volume as well as foam size density with a 99.6% of degreasing power. The synthesized detergent powder was compared to the commercial sample with respect to specified parameters such as viscosity, pH, water content, foam stability and degreasing ability. It was found that 0.04% chitosan was able to produce modified form of detergent powder with detergent quality comparable to commercial detergent. (Thet Thar)

Keywords: Synthesized slurry detergent, physicochemical properties, modified powder detergent

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

A Critical Study of Aristotle's Golden Mean

Author: Nan Thein Thein Sint
Abstract:

          The main title of this paper is “The Golden Mean of Aristotle”. The doctrine of Golden Mean is deeply concerned with Aristotle. Aristotle’s ethics is closely related with Greek ethics. Early Greek ethics plays an important role in the history of Western ethics. Early Greek thinker described ethics as the art of living and the care of the soul. Socrates and the Sophists had raised the ethical question for the first time. Plato was the first philosopher of religion and idealistic ethics. It is quite true that the doctrine of early Greek philosophers and Aristotle’s ethical views are different but there are some similarities and relationships between them. This paper tries to point out an estimation of Aristotle’s ethics.

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

The Role of Myanmar Proverbs in Myanmar Traditional Life

Author: Khin Saw Myint

Abstract:

         The word “proverb” is derived from the Latin word “proverbium”, which means a brief popular saying. A proverb expresses a truth based on common sense or practical experience of mankind. Every society has its own proverbs that can display thoughts of its people. Myanmar proverbs through the ages have exhibited the Myanmar way of thinking, Myanmar way of life and philosophical values that identifies the national characteristics of the Myanmar people. This paper tries to reveal the philosophical values in Myanmar Proverbs.

Keywords : proverb, philosophical value in Myanmar Traditional life

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

The Founder of Yadanarbon City and Palace, King Mindon's Religious Performance

Author: Wai Wai Moe*

Abstract:

         King Mindon, the founder of Yadanarbon Royal City and Palace, was a monarch who attempted with might and main for the perpetuation of Buddha Sāsanā in Myanmar. Mindon-min who shaped the Yandanarbon Period was a ruler who inscribed on Palm-leaves the Tipitaka (the three repositories of Buddhist scriptures) consisting of 84000 Dhammakkhandhā corpuses for the perpetuation of the Religion. As the King was worried that the scripts inscribed on palm-leaves would be easy to ruin without lasting for a long time, he inscribed the Pitakas on the stone tablets in order to endure throughout the Sāsanā Period as well as to be unable to be destroyed by the heretics. King Mindon was a martyr sovereign who could successfully carry out the tasks which all the Buddhists should certainly perform, and protect the Sāsanā.

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

History of Magwe Township and Rebellions (1752-1885)

Author: Than Than Khaing * 

Abstract:

          This paper sheds light on the historical events of Magwe Township. Although Magwe had never been a center of administration, it played an important role in local administration. Appointments of Myowun, Myothugyi and Ywathugyi showed its importance. Even the palace intrigues reflected that area. On the other hand, the main profession of the natives was agriculture. The minority were traders and the King's servants. In time of droughts the natives suffered from famine. As a consequence, money lending and land mortgages rose. Even though Buddhists were the majority who had donated pagodas and monasteries, Pitakats were few. The influence of monks on the public was great. Hence, political events, administrative system, socio-economic system and the religious faith were closely interrelated and that interrelation reflected on the development of Magwe Township. 

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

A Geographical Analysis on the Cropping Pattern of Chauk Township

Author: Myat Myat Nwe  , Mi Mi Soe

Abstract:

           This dissertation is an attempt to analyse the cropping pattern of Chauk Township. It is located in Central Dry Zone of Myanmar. Climate is an important factor that influences on the cropping pattern of the study area. There are four types of agricultural land such as "Ya" land, "Le" land, "Kaing-Kyun" land and "Garden" land. "Ya" cultivation is the most important in agriculture. In the study area, the agricultural activities and cultivation of crop are carried out by the traditional method only. Weaver’s crop combination method was used applied and analysed; it was found that there were ten crop combinations. The cropping pattern in Chauk Township did not change obviously from the year of 1997-98 to 2012-13.

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

A Geographical Study on Spatial Distribution Pattern of Commercial Crops’ Wholesale Shops in Myingyan Town

Author: Cho Cho San

Abstract:

          This research paper analyzed spatial distribution patterns of wholesale shops in Myingyan with  geographical  point of view.  Through these surveys, names of wholesale shops, types of commodity, size of shops, location of shops, transportation, suppliers or wholesalers and number of employees (labour) were collected.  To examine the above spatial development of wholesale shops in Myingyan, especially commercial crops’ wholesale shops were selected and analyzed. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to find out the spatial pattern development of wholesale shops facilities. The commercial crops’ wholesale shops are mainly located in central area of Myingyan. Besides four types of commodity flow channel patterns, from crop growers (producer) to wholesalers, finally to consumer sector in study area are found.

Key Wards: Wholesale shop, Spatial development, Distribution pattern, Commercial Crops Population, commodity flow

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Some Difficulties Encountered by First year Non-English Specialization Students of Myingyan Degree College in Studying the New Course "Straight Forward"

Author: Than Than Nyunt

Abstract:

          This research aims to explore the difficulties encountered by first year non-English specialization students in Myingyan Degree College studying the new course “Straight Forward”. To fulfill the requirements of the study, a total of 150 first year students who specialized in Chemistry and Mathematics were given questionnaires consisting of 36 items under five main categories. They had to give response to each item under five main categories: Academic factors, instructional factors, personal factors, linguistic factors and socio cultural factors. The responses of the students were analysed statistically and the findings showed that instructional factors and personal factors had the lowest means (3.37 and 3.64) while the academic factors had the highest mean (4.29).
Key words: difficulties, academic, instructional, personal, linguistic, sociocultural, factors

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Creating and Planning Language Activities to Improve the Productive Skills of the Second Language Learners of English (Tertiary Level)

Author: Soe Soe Win 

Abstract:

     This paper presents the findings of an observation study of the English language productive skills of ELTO (English Language Training for Officials) students at EIT (the Eastern Institute of Technology) and at Victoria University in New Zealand. The aim of this study is to find out how the language activities created by teachers of these universities  to teach  the speaking and writing skills of the students agree with those proposed by Scrivener (2005) and the progress of the students. Through a detailed study and analysis of the pedagogy, it was found that the way teachers use to create and plan language activities agrees with the ideas provided by Scrivener (2005). It was found that teachers use cyclic approach to broaden the vocabulary repertoire of students which is an essential requirement for developing the productive skills. Then they use discussion activities and communicative activities for practicing speaking skills; and for developing the writing skills of the students, they use both guided and unguided writing. The study also investigated the IELTS pre-test and post-test scores of speaking and writing skills of a total of 10 participants and then they were compared. It was found that the post-test scores of the participants were higher than pre-test scores. 

Key words – cyclic approach, productive skills, communicative activities, guided writing, unguided writing

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

The Changes and Development of the Form of Myanmar Poetry during the Late Colonial Period (1931-1947)

Author: Than Htwe Aung*

Abstract:

       This paper explores the changes and development of the form of Myanmar poems during the late colonial period (1931-1947). In doing so, the focus is on three main categories: the form of conventional poetry, the forms of poetry that change slightly and the forms of poetry that turn into new structures.

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Dagon Tayar and His Poems

Author: Myint Yee

Abstract:

         This paper explores the poems composed by Dagon Tayar from thematic point of view. The study also examines the poet’s attitude, idea, concept and his literary works as there is a close relationship between them. Having already known that Dagon Tayar loved and valued peace, this paper tries to convince the fact that his poems reflect his thirst of peace. Moreover, it also studies the structure of the poems. It is also observed that being a Myanmar poet who valued Myanmar literature, Dagon Tayar tried to develop Myanmar literature by composing poems. It is hoped this paper will help to some extent in an attempt to develop Myanmar literature.

Published:  Myingyan Degree College Research Journal (Vol-7)

Photovoltaic Properties of Zn1-xMnxO3(=0.60 mol) Powered Film

Author: Aye Mya Thida1, Than Than Win2, Kaung Kaung Yu, Lay Kalyar Kyaw,Yin Maung Maung3, Ko Ko Kyaw Soe3

Abstract:

             The aim of this work was concerned with the fabrication of MnO2 doped ZnO film sprn- on p-Si (100) substrate. I.V characteristics of the cells was examined under illumination condition. The photovoltaic devices have been prepared under various annealing temperature such as 500˚C, 650˚C and 700˚C respectively. Maximum power (pm), conversion efficiency (ηcon), (Ff) and series resistance (Rs) of the fabricated cells are also determined.

Keywords: I-V characteristics, conversion efficiency, fill-factor

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VII,No-2(A), March  2009, Physics)

Spin-Time Dependence of Film Thickness for Ca1-xCux(TiO3) (x=0.1 mol) Film

Author: Phyu Phyu Khaing1, Myo Khine1, Khin Myo Aye2,Yin Maung Maung3 and Than Than Win4

Abstract:

        The calcium copper titanate (CaCu3Ti4O12) thin films were deposited on 1cm2(1 0 0) orientated silicon substrates by  spin coating method. Ethylene glycol (CH2OHCH2OH) was used as solvent in sol-gel processing. The spin coating process was taken at different spin time arrangements under constant temperature and the film thicknesses were determined.

Keywords: CaCu3Ti4O12, sol-gel ,spin coating, silicon substrate, film thicknesses 

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VII,No-2(A), March  2009, Physics)

Substrate Temperature Dependence of Film Thickness for Zm1-xCoxO (x=0.03 mol) Film by Rapid Oxalate Decomposition Technique

Author: Myint Myint Win1, Ohnmar Than2, Myint Kalayar3, Than Than Win4,Yin Maung Maung1 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe1

Abstract:

       Co(0.3 mol) –doped Zinc oxide precursor was obtained by precipitation of the mixture of zinc-acetate, Co-acetate and oxalic acid. The Zn1-x CoxO gel  was poured with constant  rate (0.75 rpm) on the dependence of film thickness was systematically observed.

Key Words: zinc-acetate, Zm1-xCoxO gel, film thickness

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VII,No-2(A), March  2009, Physics)

Deposition Time Dependence of Film Thickness for Pb1-x(Ca)x TiO3 (x=0.48 mol) Electrophoretic Film

Author: Khin Moe Thant1, Than Than Win2, Moe Moe Aye1, Yin Mg Mg1 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe3

Abstract:

       Ca-modified (0.48 mol) PbTiO3 film was firstly prepared on highly polished steel substrate by electrophoretic method. Film coating was performed at different deposition time (30min, 45min, 60min, 75min) function of deposition time was studied.

Keywords: electrophoretic, highly-polished steel, film thickness

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VII,No-2(A), March  2009, Physics)

Capacitance Measurement of PVA/Zinc Acetate Fibre

Author: Nyo Nyo1, Moh Moh Lwin2, Than Than Win3,Yin Maung Maung1 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

         The viscous gel of PVA/Zinc acetate acetate composite is a focus of this investigation. The used gel has chemical pure hydrated hydrated zinc Zn (CH3CO2).2H2O and 20% by weight of PVA (Polyvinyl alcohol). The change in dielectric properties as a function of sample thickness is measured with both Ag-electrode and Cu-electroe.

Key Words: hydrated zinc acetate, Ag. electrode, dielectric properties

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VII,No-2(A), March  2009, Physics)

Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2 Dependent Lead Titantae Ceramics by Hydrothermal Method

Author: Myint Kalyar, 1Than Than Win2 Cho Cho Myat Aung3, Kyaw Win4, Chaw Lunn Thu3, Than Htoon5, Yin Mg Mg3 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe6

Abstract:

       Growth of lead titanate ceramics is prepared by hydrothermal synthesis at (110-200˚C) using KOH base in Teflon-lined stainless steel bomb. Memory behaviours of all PbTiO3 ceramics are measured at different applied voltage.

Keywords: hydrothermal synthesis, KOG base, Teflon-lined stainless steel bomb, memory behaviours.

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VII,No-2(A), March  2009, Physics)

Study on Spinning Time Dependence of Film Thickness and Dielectric Properties for PBTiO3 (Pb/Ti=65/35)Cell

Author: Moh Moh Lsin', Than Than Win2, Zin Win Mar3, Kyaw Win4 Hla Hla Aye3, Yin Mg   Mg3, Than Htoon5& Ko Ko Kyaw Soe6'

Abstract:

        The starting regents used in this work were lead acetate trihydrate (4.93g) and titanium isopropoxide (0.007g)of AnalaR-grate. Triethanolarmine (TEA)was used as chelating agent. Lead titanate film was formed on Cucoated p-Si (100) substrate by spin coationg at spin time variations from 30s to 60s. The best film thickness was found at60s spin time. Dielectric properties of this film were observed by means of C- F, εr-f and tan δ-f variations.

Key words: lead titanate, spin time, film thickness, dielectric properties

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VII,No-2(A), March  2009, Physics)

Growth and Characterization of Ferroelectric Field Effect Transistor with PLT Gated

Author: Htay Htay Win1, Myint Myint Win2, Thandar Tin2, Than Than Win3, Moh Moh Lwin2,  Yin Maung Maung2 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

         The epitaxial growth technique developed in this work was based on the use of PbO, TiO2 and La2O3, powder of regent- grade in the preparation of precursor sol in the processing of La2 O3, powder of regent-grade in the preparation of precursor sol in the processing of La modified lead titanate thin film at different process temperature. As the experimental results, the output characteristic curve and product parameters were examined to be within the range of accepted values for 1T of FRAM (Single Transistor of Ferroelectric Random Acess Memory)

Key words : eptitaxial, PbO, TiO2, FRAM

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Growth and Drain Characteristics of Thin Film Transistor with Barium Titanate Gate Materials

Author: Myint Thein1, Moh Moh Lwin2,  Than Than Win1, Yin Maung Maung2, and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe3

Abstract:

     The purpose of this paper was involved with the understanding of mechanism that revealed to the improvement of output characteristics of barium titanate film with SiO2 insulated layer (Oxide Layer) in order to allow their application in 1T of FeRAM.

 Key words : thin film transistor, drain characteristics, FeRAM

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Structural and Micro Structural Properties of ZnO Film

Author: Kyaw Zaw1, Myint Myint Win2 , Cho Cho Myat Aung2, Myint Kalyar2, Moh Moh Lwin2,  

Yin Maung Maung2, Than Than Win3 & Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

       The first of this cell was concerned with the growth of ZnO film on the naked p-Si(100)- substrate. XRD analysis was carried out to identify film structure, phase assignment and crystallographic properties while the micro-structural properties of ZnO film were obtained by SEM.

Key words : ZnO film, XRD, SEM

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Pyroelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate Thin Film

Author: Khin Myint Htoon1, Myint Kalyar2, Moh Moh Lwin2,  Myint Myint Win2 ,Yin Maung Maung2, Than Than Win3 & Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

       The bismuth titanate thin film was prepared by chemical solution deposition technique. The substrates used in this work were highly-polished p-Si and oxide layer buffered Si-substrate. Annealing temperature dependence of pyroelectric current was observed. Dispersion of pyroelectric coefficient as a function of annealing temperature was also studied.

Key words : bismuth titanate, pyroelectric current, pyroelectric coefficient

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Capacitance-Voltage Characteristics of PST Thin Film Capacitor

Author: Nilar Win1, Aye Su Mon Win1, Than Than Win2,  Than Htoon3 ,Yin Maung Maung4 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe5

Abstract:

       Fabrication of Sn-doped lead titanate film was presented by spin-coating technique. The substrate temperatures treated in this work were 500C700C maintained 1hr for more film quality. For the charge storage capacity of fabricated cell, C-V characteristics were studied by simple R-C circuit in which Cu/PST/p-Si (100) cell was served as a circuit element. From C-V curve, counter-clockwise hysteresis loop was formed for all fabricated cell. Threshold voltage (VTH), flat-band voltage (VFB), the width of the memory (MW), maximum accumulation capacitance (Caccu) and the density of interfacial surface state (Nss) were systematically measured from C-V loop.

Key words : C-V characteristics, VTH, VFB, Caccu Nss

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Fabrication and Characterization of PST Gated Thin Film Transistor

Author: Aye Su Mon Win1, Nilar Win1, Than Than Win2,  Than Htoon3 ,Yin Maung Maung4 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe5

Abstract:

     Fabrication of PST gated TFT was performed on P2O5 substituted SiO2/p-Si substrate structure. Drain characteristics of these TFT's were observed. According to the experimental results, the fabricated TFT was applied for 1T of FRAM.

Key words : thin film transistor, drain characteristics

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Study on Dielectric Properties of TiO2 Thin Film

Author: May Yee Thein1, Yin Yin Thein2, Than Than Win3, Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

      Dispersion of capacitances as a function of different applied frequencies was performed. From  C-f spectra, two distinct states were formed in which the capacitance value was slightly decreased at low frequency region and reached its constant value at high frequency region. r – f and tan -f variations were also investigated.

Key words : C-f spectra, dielectric constant, dielectric loss

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Powder Structure and Phase Analysis of HgSe and ZnTe Solid Phase

Author: Nyo Nyo1, Moe Moe Aye1, Cho Cho Myat Aung1, Than Than Win2,Yin Maung Maung1 and Ko Ko kyaw Soe3

Abstract:

The great deal of information about the powder structure, phase assignment and crystallographic characterizations of fabricated powders (HgSe & ZnTe) was obtained by XRD measurement. The calculated lattice strings were found to be slightly changed as compared to reported value.

Key words: crystallographic characterization lattice strain. powder structure.

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Pyroelectric and 1 – V Variation of Gel Route Sol Derived C2 From La and Mn Modified PbTiO3 Thin Film

Author: Moh Moh Lwin1, Myint Kalyar1, Yin Maung Maung1, Than Than Win2, Than Htoon3 & Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

      La and Mn doped PbTiO3 films are prepared by gel route sol method and heat treated at 700c for 1 hr. Pyrocurrent of films are studied by using ho me made temperature controller and nanoammeter. Pyroelectric coefficients of the sample are also examined. For charge storage mechanism, C-2 – V characteristic were also studied.

Key words: Pyroelectric current, pyroelectric coefficient and 1 –V characteristics c2

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Charge Conduction Mechanism and Pyroelectric Properties of Bi4-x Lax Ti3 O12 (x=0, 0.10, 0.12, 0.14 mol %) Film

Author: Myint Kalya1, Moh Moh Lwin1, Yin Maung Maung1, Than Than Win2, Than Htoon3 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

      The first part of this paper was involved with the fabrication of bismuth titanate and     La-modified (x = 0, 0.10, 0.12 and 0.14 mol %) bismuth titanate film by chemical sol deposition technique. For the cell quality, C-2 – V variation was systematically observed. For the pyroelectric properties, temperature dependence of pyro-current and pyro-coefficient were studied.

Key words: La-modified bismuth titanate film, c-2 – V variation,

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Structural Characterization and Photovoltaic Behaviors of ZnMnO3 Film

Author: Moe Moe Aye1 , Than Than Win2, Than Htoon3, Yin Maung Maung 1 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

      ZnMnO3, film was grown on p-Si (100) substrate at different process temperatures. Structural properties of these films were checked by XRD technique. As the photovoltaic application, Voc-Isc variation curve was studied and some important parameters were observed.

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

C-V and Pyroelectric Properties of Pb1-x Lax TiO3 Film for IR Sensor Application

Author: Nwe Nwe Oo1 , Myint Myint Win2, Than Than Win3, Yin Maung Maung4 

and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe5

Abstract:

       This paper gives a growth of Pb1-x Lax TiO3 (x = 1 mol%) film on naked Si and SiO2/Si substrate structures. After electroding the PLT/Si and PLT/SiO2/Si, the focus is put on the description of C-V characteristics measurement system. From C-V counter-clockwise loop, threshold voltage VTH (U & D), flat-band voltage VFB (U, D), maximum accumulation capacitance (Caccu), memory window (MW) and density of interfacial surface state (Nss) were observed. This paper closes with the pyroelectric properties (pyrocurrent and pyroelectric coefficient) measurement systems. 

Key words: pyroelectric properties, C-V characteristics, threshold voltage

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(B), March  2008, Physics)

Capacitance- Voltage Hystersis Loop of PTA Film

Author: Nwe Nwe Aye1, Nwe Nwe Win2,Than Than Win3,Yin Maung Maung1,

Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

        C-V Hysteresis loop was generated by measuring capacitance value in different biased voltage for both directions. As the generated loop, the fabricated PTA film was confirmed as ferroelectric material.

Key Words: fabricated PTA film, C-V Hysteresis loop, ferroelectric material.

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(A), March  2008, Physics)

Study on Crystallographic Properties of Li Doped ZnO Thin FiLms

Author: Khine Khine Linn1, Than Than Win2, Yin Maung Maung3 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

        Li-doped ZnO film is prepared on highly polished Si substrate. The process temperature are range from 400oC to 600C and maintained 1 hr for homogenization. According to the experimental results, it is significant that the growth chemistry is quite feasible and expected to be crystalline at above-mentioned temperatures.

Key words: Li-doped ZnO films, process temperature, homogenization

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(A), March  2008, Physics)

Output Characteristics of PbTi(A1) O3(x=0.06 mol) Gated TFT

Author: May Aye Khaing1, Than Than Win2,Yin Maung Maung3, Ko Ko Kyaw Soe3

Abstract:

      PbTiAlO3 gated thin film transistor is firstly prepared for 1T of FRAM application. For output characteristics of fabricated TFT, IDS-VGS relationship is studied at different gate to source to source voltages.
Key words: thin film transistor (TFT), IDS-VGS relationship.

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(A), March  2008, Physics)

Process Temperature Dependence on I-V Characteristics of Zn0.98Mg0.02O Films in Dark Condition

Author: Cho Cho Myat Aung1, Than Than Win2, Yin Maung Maung1& Ko Ko Kyaw Soe3

Abstract:

I-V characteristics of Zn0.98 Mg0.02O/P-Si(100) cells were measured in daek condition (background  rad=0). The behaviour of the 1nI with respect to the biased voltage was investigated at different  process temperature to obtain identity factor and zero-bias barrier height in order to utilize the laboratory prepared semiconductor devices especially for photovoltaic cell.

Key words: Current-voltage characteristics,  identity factor,zero-bias barrier height

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(A), March  2008, Physics)

P-E Hysteresis Loop of Zinc Ferrite Films

Author: Than Than Swe1, Su Su Aung2, Than Than Win3 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

     Growth of zinc ferrite films were performed on highly-polished substrate at different process temperature. Following this, P-E hysteresis loop was generated by spontaneous polarization, coercive field and memory window of zinc ferrite thin films were films were evaluated.

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(A), March  2008, Physics)

Crystallographic Investingation of Ag (4mol%) Doped ZnO (SZO) Thin Films by XRD

Author: Lwin Lwin Nwe1, Khant Khant Lin1, Khin Thuzar1 ,Than Than Win2 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe3

Abstract:

       Silver doped ZnO (SZO) thin films are prepared by sol-based method. The silver dopant concentration is 4 mol% in this case. XRD analysis carried out to determine, crystallographic properties such as lattice parameters and crystallite size of SZO thin films.

Key words: XRD, Lattice parameters and crystallite size

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(A), March  2008, Physics)

Transient Response of Cu/PTA 1/p-Si(100) Multilayer Configuration

Author: Kyi Kyi Aung1, Khin Nyo Win1, Lai Lai Aung2, Than Than Win3 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

      The temperature dependence of the transient current is important for the understanding of the trapping mechanisms in the dielectrics during processing. Before the I-V and C-V measurements, transient response was essentially analysed to avoid unnecessary current occurrence.

Keywords: transient response, I-V characteristic, C-V characteristic.

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(A), March  2008, Physics)

Processing and Characterization of AI (4 mol%) Doped PbTiO3 Ferroelectric Memory Diode

Author: Nwe Nwe Win1, Nwe Nwe Aye2, Yin Mg Mg2,Than Than Win3& Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

       Ferroelectric memory diode of A1 (4 mol%) doped PbTiO3 thin films prepared by sol-based deposition method. For electrical characteristic, IV variation was  essentially studied. From this curve, LVR (Low Voltage Resistance), Imax and VTH were observed. From In From In I-V linear relationship η and ϕbo were measured.

Keywords  :  In I vs V, Imax VTH, η and ϕbo

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(A), March  2008, Physics)

1/C2-V Characteristics of TiO2/SiO2/p-Si(Metal/Ferroelectric/ Insulator/Semiconductor) Thin Films

Author: May Yee Thein1, Yin Yin Thein2, Than Than Win3, and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

       Fabrication of TiO2/SiO2/p-Si (Metal/ Ferroelectri/ Insulator/ Semiconductor) thin films, deposited by liquid phase epitaxial growth method was presented. I/C2-V characteristic at room temperature measured at frequency of 100 kHz for TiO2 thin films anneal at 500 ˚C , 550 ˚C, 600 ˚C, 650 ˚C and 700 ˚C were investigated. Measurement of C as a function of reverse bias was used to determine the built-in potential and dopant concentration. A plot of 1/C2 as a function V was a straight line which intercept on the voltage axis gives Vbi, and the slope was used to determine the effective dopant concentration Ni.

Key words: dopant concentration, depletion layer width, built-in potential

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol.VI,No-2(A), March  2008, Physics)

Ferroelectric and Pyroelectric Properties of Ca- Modified PbTiO3 Ceramic Films by Electrophoretic Deposition Method

Author: Khin Mar Win1, Aye Thandar Oo2, Khin Myo Aye2, Than Than Win3 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe2

Abstract:

        In the present investigation, the electrophoretic deposition of Ca-modified PbTiO3 (abbreviated to PCT) films has been attempted. The preparative parameters are optimized forelectrophoretic deposition of the films. Pb1-xCaxTiO3 ceramic thin films are prepared from theraw materials of PbO, CaO and TiO2 with purity of 99.9%. By changing the Ca content(1-4 mol%) and heating temperatures 200˚C and 500˚C, the influence of variousprocessing parameters on the ferroelectric and pyroelectric characteristics of PCT samples are studied. The results are discussed at length in this paper,

Key words:  electrophoretic deposition, ferroelectric, pyroelectric

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(B), March  2007, Physics)

Scanning Electron Microscopy Observation of Li-doped ZnO Films

Author: Khine Khine Linn1, Than Than Win2, Yin Mg Mg3 and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe3

Abstract:

     Preparation of Li doped ZnO film grown on Si substrate was presented. Surface morphology and microstructural observation of Li doped ZnO film were investigated by SEM. Li doped ZnO film quality and homogeneity were examined by SEM images. Grain sizes of Li doped ZnO films were predicted from SEM images. Pore and grain growth of these films were also analyzed.  

Keywords :  SEM, pore, grain size

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(B), March  2007, Physics)

Ferroelectric behaviours of MgtiO3 thin film for Memory Diode Application

Author: Thida Win1, Win Pa Pa Tun2 ,  Ko Ko Kyaw Soe2 Yin Maung Maung2 and Than Than Win3

Abstract:

       MgTiO3 thin films are prepared by solid sol-based method. Thin films are deposited onto p-type silicon by spin coating technique with constant speed and heat treated at 600°C for 1 hr to form MOS capacitor. The device is characteristics of thin film capacitors are carried out. The results are analyzed and found that the characteristics of P-E from the hysteresis loop, the remanent polarization (Pr), the remanent polarization (Ps), the coercive field (Ec) and the memory window (MW) are measured.

Keywords:  hysteresis loop, P-E variation.

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(A), March  2007, Physics)

Current Versus Voltage Characteristics in TiO2 Thin Films for FMD Application

Author: May Yee Thein1,Yin Yin Thein1 ,Than Than Win3 and  Ko Ko Kyaw Soe4

Abstract:

     TO2 thin film memory diodes are prepared at different process temperature. I-V characteristics of TiO2 thin films with Ag electrode are examined. The I-V curves show the rectification effect. From these characteristics diode parameters are evaluated.

Keywords:  I-V characteristic, TiO2

Published:  Published:  Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science Research Journal (Vol , No-2(A), March  2007, Physics)